FIGURE 2.2 Mechanism of rhizosphere microbes to minimize the various biotic and abiotic

stresses.

50

Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants, Volume 3

2.7 MICROBES IN TOLERANCE TO BIOTIC STRESS

Plant-microbe interactions are critical for appropriate growth and develop­

ment in natural settings. They are vital for nutrition mobilization and pathogen

defense (Shoebitz et al., 2009). Under abiotic stress, biological management

of soil-transmitted illnesses, replacing the chemically produced agents, have

a substantial impact on crop productivity. Different elicitors are released

when microorganisms interact with plants, causing physio-biochemical

changes in the flora distribution. For several months, these modifications

result in disease resistance in the plant. An essential mechanism for biotic

stress tolerance is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and

oxidative burst (Miller et al., 2010). The systemic acquired resistance along

with induced systematic resistance (ISR) are two types of defensive reac­

tion mechanisms induced by bacteria (SAR). Non-morbific root correlated

plant’s growth-boosting microorganisms may increase the ISR, whereas

SAR includes changes in gene expression at the molecular level and is

linked to pathogenesis associated/related (PR) proteins. Both ISR As well as